DPE in Paris: find a home and the city's figures
549,355 homes with a DPE in Paris since July 2021, 24% rated F or G. Find a property from its DPE and see what the city's diagnostics say.
ADEME data as of 25 August 2026 — updated quarterly
Find a property from its DPE
Enter the consumption or rating shown in a listing in Paris: the tool searches matching DPEs in the ADEME database.
Key facts
- 72% of homes with a DPE in Paris were built before 1948, against 32% in mainland France.
- 24% of homes with a DPE in Paris are rated F or G, against 12% in mainland France — and the gap persists at comparable building age and type (16%).
- 32% of homes with a DPE in Paris have shared (collective) heating (15% in mainland France).
- 29% of F- or G-rated homes in Paris whose DPE will still be valid could obtain, from 1 January 2027, a certificate of a better new label (20% in mainland France).
Energy and climate ratings
Among 549,355 valid DPEs of homes (excluding generated DPEs) in Paris, rating E is the most common; 15% reach ratings A to C.
If the homes with a DPE in Paris had the same mix of building age and type (house, flat) as mainland France, the F+G share would be 16% (-8.2 pts versus the observed figure).
Small homes are the most often poorly rated in Paris: 33% of assessed homes under 25 m² are rated F or G, against 11% for those of 100 m² and over.
For 10% of homes with a DPE in Paris whose published class is reproduced, the climate rating (greenhouse-gas emissions) sets the DPE class: the final rating is the worse of the two (18% in mainland France).
11% of homes with a DPE in Paris whose published class is reproduced would change rating with 5 kWh/m²/year of consumption, or 1 kg CO₂/m²/year of emissions, more or less: they sit on a class boundary (61,387 homes; 12% in mainland France). For them, a small measurement gap or a minor work can move the letter.
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0.3% | 1,409 | 5.2% |
| B | 0.6% | 3,230 | 5.6% |
| C | 14% | 75,423 | 31% |
| D | 31% | 168,351 | 30% |
| E | 31% | 169,376 | 17% |
| F | 14% | 77,473 | 7.2% |
| G | 9.8% | 54,093 | 4.4% |
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 5.9% | 32,444 | 21% |
| B | 24% | 129,388 | 25% |
| C | 29% | 159,229 | 24% |
| D | 18% | 100,367 | 15% |
| E | 15% | 80,905 | 8.8% |
| F | 6.4% | 35,100 | 4.4% |
| G | 2.2% | 11,922 | 1.7% |
By type of home
| Indicator | Paris | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| All homes | 24% | 12% |
| Houses | 26% | 15% |
| Flats | 24% | 9.3% |
| Comparable structure | 16% | 12% |
Share of F and G by construction period
| Indicator | Paris | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 28% | 21% |
| 1948-1974 | 18% | 17% |
| 1975-1988 | 6.3% | 4.6% |
| 1989-2000 | 1.5% | 0.9% |
| 2001-2012 | 0.5% | 0.2% |
| After 2012 | 0.3% | < 0.1% |
Share of F and G by floor area
| Indicator | Paris | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Under 25 m² | 33% | 16% |
| 25-39 m² | 29% | 14% |
| 40-69 m² | 20% | 10% |
| 70-99 m² | 12% | 11% |
| 100 m² and over | 11% | 12% |
Share of F and G by period and type of home
| Period | Houses | Flats |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 32% (3,018) | 28% (391,230) |
| 1948-1974 | 24% (607) | 17% (101,507) |
| 1975-1988 | 10% (216) | 6.3% (24,397) |
| 1989-2000 | 2.3% (219) | 1.5% (14,855) |
| 2001-2012 | 0.6% (170) | 0.5% (5,647) |
| After 2012 | 3.3% (150) | 0.3% (7,339) |
DPEs generated from the building’s DPE
34% of valid DPEs (279,811) — against 29% in mainland France — were produced from the building's DPE: their rating was not measured for the flat itself. They are shown separately: their ratings are not mixed into the figures above.
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0.9% | 2,426 | 4.0% |
| B | 3.1% | 8,549 | 8.6% |
| C | 41% | 113,347 | 51% |
| D | 31% | 86,159 | 25% |
| E | 19% | 53,318 | 8.6% |
| F | 4.6% | 12,896 | 1.8% |
| G | 1.1% | 3,116 | 0.5% |
G, F and E ratings: the decent-housing timetable
54,093 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Paris are rated G, i.e. 9.8% of homes with a DPE (4.4% in mainland France). Since 1 January 2025, a G-rated home no longer meets the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
77,473 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Paris are rated F, i.e. 14% of homes with a DPE (7.2% in mainland France). From 1 January 2028, rating F will no longer meet the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
169,376 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Paris are rated E, i.e. 31% of homes with a DPE (17% in mainland France). From 1 January 2034, rating E will no longer meet the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
On 1 January 2027, the electricity primary-energy conversion factor drops from 1.9 to 1.7 (order of 19 August 2026). Among the 130,655 F- or G-rated homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Paris whose DPE is still valid on that date, whose published class is reproduced and whose scale could be read, 29% could obtain a certificate of a new rating, at least one class better, downloadable from ADEME's DPE-Audit Observatory. The original DPE remains valid until it expires.
Heating and hot water
Electricity comes first: 54% of homes with a DPE in Paris rely on it for heating, and 32% have shared heating.
By heating energy, the share of F- or G-rated homes in Paris ranges from 11% for homes heated by district heating to 62% for those heated with heating oil; it is 27% with electricity.
In the 2022 census, INSEE counts 42% of main residences mainly heated by electricity in Paris; among homes with a DPE, the share is 54%.
Of the 54,429 homes with a DPE in Paris heated by a district network, 89% declare their network's identifier. The main ones: “PARIS ET COMMUNES LIMITROPHES” (7501C), 83% of connected homes (0.149 kg CO₂/kWh direct, 0.171 life-cycle); “CLIMESPACE” (7507C), 2.3% of connected homes (network not listed in the table of the French order of 30 March 2026); “BOUCLE D’EAU CHAUDE CHAPELLE INTERNATIONAL” (7511C), 0.7% of connected homes (network not listed in the table of the French order of 30 March 2026). CO₂ contents set by the French order of 30 March 2026, applicable since 25 May 2026: an older DPE may have used other values.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 54% | 50% |
| Natural gas | 35% | 36% |
| District heating | 9.9% | 4.1% |
| Heating oil | 1.6% | 5.3% |
| LPG, propane or butane | 0.1% | 0.8% |
| Wood | 0.1% | 4.0% |
| Other energy | < 0.1% | < 0.1% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Individual heating | 68% | 84% |
| Shared (collective) heating | 30% | 14% |
| Multi-building collective | 1.1% | 0.9% |
| Hybrid collective-individual | 0.4% | 0.4% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 59% | 59% |
| Natural gas | 31% | 34% |
| District heating | 8.8% | 3.0% |
| Heating oil | 1.0% | 3.2% |
| LPG, propane or butane | 0.1% | 0.8% |
| Wood | < 0.1% | 0.3% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Direct electric heating (convectors, radiators, panels) | 51% | 41% |
| Other gas boiler or heater | 24% | 17% |
| Gas condensing boiler | 12% | 20% |
| District heating | 10% | 4.1% |
| Oil boiler | 1.6% | 6.0% |
| Air-to-air heat pump | 0.7% | 4.2% |
| Air-to-water heat pump | 0.1% | 2.3% |
| Wood stove, insert or boiler | < 0.1% | 4.7% |
Share of F and G by heating energy
| Indicator | Paris | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 27% | 9.1% |
| Natural gas | 21% | 9.5% |
| Heating oil | 62% | 50% |
| Wood | 29% | 17% |
| District heating | 11% | 4.6% |
| LPG, propane or butane | 31% | 16% |
Declared district heating networks and CO₂ content
| Network | Share of connected homes | Direct CO₂ | Life-cycle CO₂ |
|---|---|---|---|
| PARIS ET COMMUNES LIMITROPHES (7501C) | 83% | 0.149 | 0.171 |
| CLIMESPACE (7507C) | 2.3% | n/a | n/a |
| BOUCLE D’EAU CHAUDE CHAPELLE INTERNATIONAL (7511C) | 0.7% | n/a | n/a |
| RUE LEGENDRE (7504C) | 0.6% | 0.150 | 0.176 |
Solar panels reported: < 0.1% of homes with a DPE.
Insulation, ventilation and thermal mass
According to DPEs in Paris, insulation is rated poor for 88% of walls, 9.0% of loft roofs, 33% of windows and doors among the homes concerned.
| Indicator | Paris | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Building envelope (overall) | 74% | 46% |
| Windows and doors | 33% | 17% |
| Walls | 88% | 53% |
| Ground floor | 13% | 32% |
| Roof (loft) | 9.0% | 19% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Natural ventilation | 69% | 38% |
| Single-flow MVHR (self-regulating) | 16% | 33% |
| Single-flow humidity-controlled ventilation | 9.1% | 24% |
| Other ventilation | 4.9% | 3.0% |
| Double-flow ventilation (heat recovery) | 0.5% | 0.9% |
| Hybrid ventilation | 0.3% | 0.3% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Very heavy | 11% | 8.3% |
| Heavy | 18% | 24% |
| Medium | 33% | 33% |
| Light | 38% | 34% |
Summer comfort and heat
Over the 1991-2020 normal, Paris averages 2.7 days a year above 35 °C and 4.5 nights above 20 °C; projections for 2050 point to 8.3 and 15.2.
The DPE includes a "summer comfort" section. In Paris, 93% of homes with a DPE fill it in; of these, 60% are rated insufficient. This rate depends on who fills in the section, so it is not compared with other cities.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Insufficient | 60% | — |
| Average | 31% | — |
| Good | 9.5% | — |
Air conditioning reported: 2.0% of homes with a DPE (9.2% in mainland France).
| External solar shading | 32% | of 510,994 DPEs |
|---|---|---|
| Insulated roof | 16% | of 497,731 DPEs |
| Heavy thermal mass | 28% | of 506,940 DPEs |
| Dual-aspect home | 46% | of 510,994 DPEs |
| Ceiling fan | 3.3% | of 510,994 DPEs |
Estimated consumption and cost
The median cost estimated by the DPE in Paris is €1,025 a year for a flat (270 kWh of primary energy per m²) and €1,845 for a house (245 kWh/m²). Per unit of floor area, the median cost of a flat is €26 per m² a year (€19 in mainland France). This cost is conventional: it assumes standard use and the energy prices in force when each DPE was issued, not a household's actual bill.
| Indicator | Paris | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Primary energy, flat (kWh/m²/yr) | 270 | 191 |
| Primary energy, house (kWh/m²/yr) | 245 | 193 |
| Annual cost, flat | €1,025 | €915 |
| Annual cost, house | €1,845 | €1,685 |
| Emissions, flat (kg CO₂/m²/yr) | 21 | 13 |
| Emissions, house (kg CO₂/m²/yr) | 28 | 12 |
Works proposed by DPEs
20% of DPEs of F- or G-rated homes in Paris include a first costed package of works. Its median cost ranges from €3,750 (low estimate) to €5,750 (high estimate). These are the ranges entered by assessors, not quotes.
Prices and green value
Median price in Paris over 2021-2025 sales: €10,238 per m² for a flat (150,835 sales), €14,143 for a house (743 sales) — DVF statistics (Etalab).
The housing ministry's 2025 rent map publishes no rent for Paris as a whole: the estimated advertised rent of flats is shown by arrondissement in the table below.
| Arrondissement | Estimated advertised rent, flat (€/m² per month, charges included) |
|---|---|
| 1st arrondissement | €35.38 |
| 2nd arrondissement | €34.98 |
| 3rd arrondissement | €36.27 |
| 4th arrondissement | €37.76 |
| 5th arrondissement | €34.62 |
| 6th arrondissement | €37.89 |
| 7th arrondissement | €36.54 |
| 8th arrondissement | €36.09 |
| 9th arrondissement | €33.55 |
| 10th arrondissement | €31.22 |
| 11th arrondissement | €31.72 |
| 12th arrondissement | €30.26 |
| 13th arrondissement | €30.36 |
| 14th arrondissement | €31.26 |
| 15th arrondissement | €31.72 |
| 16th arrondissement | €33.40 |
| 17th arrondissement | €32.69 |
| 18th arrondissement | €29.81 |
| 19th arrondissement | €27.70 |
| 20th arrondissement | €28.64 |
Co-ownerships and collective DPE
The national register of co-ownerships lists 45,145 co-ownerships in Paris (Q3 2025 file, all construction periods), with 1,281,704 residential units in total: 326 have more than 200 units used as homes, offices or shops, 5,115 between 51 and 200, and 39,704 with 50 units or fewer. Of those with a known period, 73% were built before 1949 and 0.9% after 2010.
The collective DPE covers multi-dwelling residential buildings whose building permit application was filed before 1 January 2013, on a timetable set by the number of units (rule and references in the method). ADEME's database holds 17,899 valid building-level DPEs in Paris, single-owner buildings included; one building may have several.
1,399 co-ownerships in Paris are flagged in the register as having received an Anah grant for owners' associations, and 419 are in a priority urban-policy neighbourhood (QPV).
| Over 200 units | 326 |
|---|---|
| 51-200 units | 5,115 |
| 50 units or fewer | 39,704 |
The homes with a DPE
INSEE counts 1,399,122 homes in Paris (2022 census), including 1,125,473 main residences; 62% of them are occupied by tenants, and 18% of main residences are social housing let unfurnished; 9.8% of homes are vacant.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Houses | 0.8% | 42% |
| Flats | 99% | 58% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 72% | 32% |
| 1948-1974 | 19% | 25% |
| 1975-1988 | 4.5% | 12% |
| 1989-2000 | 2.7% | 8.3% |
| 2001-2012 | 1.1% | 10% |
| After 2012 | 1.4% | 13% |
By arrondissement
Profile of the most contrasting arrondissements (highest and lowest F+G share, highest rent):
- The 16th arrondissement: 46,249 DPEs, 27% rated F or G, 52% heated with natural gas, estimated advertised rent of €33.40 per m² per month, 4,236 registered co-ownerships.
- The 19th arrondissement: 29,138 DPEs, 18% rated F or G, 49% heated with electricity, estimated advertised rent of €27.70 per m² per month, 1,684 registered co-ownerships.
| Arrondissement | DPEs (excl. generated) | F+G share | F+G comparable structure | Generated | Main energy | Co-ownerships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st arrondissement | 6,663 | 22% | n/a | 15% | Electricity (69%) | 773 |
| 2nd arrondissement | 8,252 | 22% | n/a | 9.2% | Electricity (79%) | 943 |
| 3rd arrondissement | 12,310 | 24% | n/a | 12% | Electricity (75%) | 1,330 |
| 4th arrondissement | 10,199 | 27% | n/a | 19% | Electricity (70%) | 1,151 |
| 5th arrondissement | 17,335 | 27% | n/a | 20% | Electricity (62%) | 1,829 |
| 6th arrondissement | 15,378 | 27% | n/a | 4.4% | Electricity (60%) | 1,807 |
| 7th arrondissement | 18,864 | 26% | n/a | 6.3% | Electricity (50%) | 1,995 |
| 8th arrondissement | 15,132 | 25% | n/a | 6.1% | Electricity (49%) | 1,549 |
| 9th arrondissement | 18,839 | 24% | n/a | 9.6% | Electricity (63%) | 1,887 |
| 10th arrondissement | 24,586 | 24% | n/a | 26% | Electricity (68%) | 1,936 |
| 11th arrondissement | 41,171 | 23% | n/a | 25% | Electricity (66%) | 2,970 |
| 12th arrondissement | 31,767 | 22% | n/a | 45% | Electricity (51%) | 2,090 |
| 13th arrondissement | 29,948 | 21% | n/a | 61% | Electricity (45%) | 1,783 |
| 14th arrondissement | 31,627 | 26% | n/a | 41% | Electricity (54%) | 2,621 |
| 15th arrondissement | 61,205 | 22% | n/a | 34% | Electricity (42%) | 3,919 |
| 16th arrondissement | 46,249 | 27% | n/a | 17% | Natural gas (52%) | 4,236 |
| 17th arrondissement | 47,449 | 27% | n/a | 29% | Electricity (54%) | 4,078 |
| 18th arrondissement | 49,722 | 25% | n/a | 25% | Electricity (61%) | 3,775 |
| 19th arrondissement | 29,138 | 18% | n/a | 51% | Electricity (49%) | 1,684 |
| 20th arrondissement | 33,492 | 22% | n/a | 54% | Electricity (51%) | 2,260 |
DPEs quarter by quarter
951,154 DPEs of homes have been issued in Paris since July 2021. The F+G share among each quarter's DPEs went from 41% (2021, Q3) to 21% (2026, Q2) — a shift that also reflects which homes get assessed, and changes to the calculation rules.
| Quarter | DPEs issued | F+G share |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 Q3 | 14,269 | 41% |
| 2021 Q4 | 23,151 | 34% |
| 2022 Q1 | 25,482 | 29% |
| 2022 Q2 | 28,619 | 26% |
| 2022 Q3 | 25,879 | 27% |
| 2022 Q4 | 36,104 | 26% |
| 2023 Q1 | 50,414 | 25% |
| 2023 Q2 | 54,486 | 23% |
| 2023 Q3 | 49,279 | 20% |
| 2023 Q4 | 54,532 | 18% |
| 2024 Q1 | 58,180 | 19% |
| 2024 Q2 | 67,223 | 15% |
| 2024 Q3 | 69,857 | 15% |
| 2024 Q4 | 80,993 | 14% |
| 2025 Q1 | 69,827 | 18% |
| 2025 Q2 | 58,532 | 19% |
| 2025 Q3 | 40,740 | 19% |
| 2025 Q4 | 44,312 | 19% |
| 2026 Q1 | 42,671 | 22% |
| 2026 Q2 | 38,120 | 21% |
| 2026 Q3 (in progress) | 18,484 | 22% |
Frequently asked questions — Paris
How many energy-inefficient homes are there in Paris?
Why are some DPEs in Paris generated from the building?
How are homes in Paris heated?
Is district heating common in Paris?
What do DPEs in Paris say about summer comfort?
Go further with your DPE
Comparable cities
Cities chosen for their similar size, climate, building stock or département.
Among its comparable cities (Versailles, Boulogne-Billancourt, Lille, Rouen, Saint-Denis and Montreuil), Paris has the highest share of homes built before 1948 (72%, against 52% in Versailles), the highest median price per m² for a flat (€10,238, against €8,837 in Boulogne-Billancourt) and the highest share of F- or G-rated homes (24%, against 21% in Montreuil).
| City | F+G share | Built before 1948 | Electric heating | District heating | Median annual cost, flat | Median price per m², flat | Advertised rent, flat (€/m²/month) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paris | 24% | 72% | 54% | 9.9% | €1,025 | €10,238 | n/a |
| Versailles | 21% | 52% | 43% | 3.5% | €1,095 | €6,884 | €24.31 |
| Boulogne-Billancourt | 19% | 35% | 38% | 10% | €985 | €8,837 | €29.73 |
| Lille | 9.2% | 51% | 58% | 3.7% | €845 | €3,763 | €15.76 |
| Rouen | 14% | 44% | 56% | 4.3% | €875 | €2,818 | €13.28 |
| Saint-Denis | 15% | 40% | 54% | 14% | €875 | €4,155 | €20.97 |
| Montreuil | 21% | 40% | 45% | 2.6% | €975 | €6,383 | €22.86 |
Sources for this page
DPEs of existing homes published by ADEME (Open Licence 2.0), dump of 25 August 2026. Population: 549,355 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) since 1 July 2021, DPEs valid on 25 August 2026 and not replaced. These are homes with a DPE, not every home in the city.
INSEE codes used: 75101 to 75120 and 75056.
Share of DPEs with the same address, floor area and floor as another valid DPE: 27%.
Other sources: DVF statistics (Etalab), the housing ministry rent map, the national co-ownership register (Anah), INSEE census, Météo-France and DRIAS — references and licences in the detailed method below.
Download the data in Paris (CSV, long format: one row per value) — Derived data published under the Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): free reuse, including commercial, crediting "OneDpe based on ADEME" and the data vintage.