DPE in Besançon: find a home and the city's figures
27,045 homes with a DPE in Besançon since July 2021, 6.0% rated F or G. Find a property from its DPE and see what the city's diagnostics say.
ADEME data as of 25 August 2026 — updated quarterly
Find a property from its DPE
Enter the consumption or rating shown in a listing in Besançon: the tool searches matching DPEs in the ADEME database.
Key facts
- Natural gas heats 58% of homes with a DPE in Besançon, against 36% in mainland France.
- 34% of homes with a DPE in Besançon have shared (collective) heating (15% in mainland France).
- 6.0% of homes with a DPE in Besançon are rated F or G, against 12% in mainland France — and the gap persists at comparable building age and type (9.1%).
- 1.7% of homes with a DPE in Besançon report air conditioning, against 9.2% in mainland France.
Energy and climate ratings
Among 27,045 valid DPEs of homes (excluding generated DPEs) in Besançon, rating C is the most common; 43% reach ratings A to C.
If the homes with a DPE in Besançon had the same mix of building age and type (house, flat) as mainland France, the F+G share would be 9.1% (+3.1 pts versus the observed figure).
Small homes are the most often poorly rated in Besançon: 8.4% of assessed homes under 25 m² are rated F or G, against 4.3% for those of 70-99 m².
For 24% of homes with a DPE in Besançon whose published class is reproduced, the climate rating (greenhouse-gas emissions) sets the DPE class: the final rating is the worse of the two (18% in mainland France).
12% of homes with a DPE in Besançon whose published class is reproduced would change rating with 5 kWh/m²/year of consumption, or 1 kg CO₂/m²/year of emissions, more or less: they sit on a class boundary (3,287 homes; 12% in mainland France). For them, a small measurement gap or a minor work can move the letter.
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1.4% | 368 | 5.2% |
| B | 2.8% | 744 | 5.6% |
| C | 38% | 10,407 | 31% |
| D | 35% | 9,459 | 30% |
| E | 16% | 4,447 | 17% |
| F | 4.5% | 1,209 | 7.2% |
| G | 1.5% | 411 | 4.4% |
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 9.8% | 2,659 | 21% |
| B | 21% | 5,677 | 25% |
| C | 33% | 8,880 | 24% |
| D | 23% | 6,145 | 15% |
| E | 10% | 2,757 | 8.8% |
| F | 2.9% | 775 | 4.4% |
| G | 0.6% | 152 | 1.7% |
By type of home
| Indicator | Besançon | Doubs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| All homes | 6.0% | 11% | 12% |
| Houses | 14% | 20% | 15% |
| Flats | 5.3% | 7.1% | 9.3% |
| Comparable structure | 9.1% | 13% | 12% |
Share of F and G by construction period
| Indicator | Besançon | Doubs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 12% | 18% | 21% |
| 1948-1974 | 7.0% | 17% | 17% |
| 1975-1988 | 1.8% | 6.9% | 4.6% |
| 1989-2000 | 0.8% | 1.5% | 0.9% |
| 2001-2012 | < 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.2% |
| After 2012 | 0% | 0% | < 0.1% |
Share of F and G by floor area
| Indicator | Besançon | Doubs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Under 25 m² | 8.4% | 10% | 16% |
| 25-39 m² | 7.6% | 10% | 14% |
| 40-69 m² | 5.0% | 8.1% | 10% |
| 70-99 m² | 4.3% | 12% | 11% |
| 100 m² and over | 8.1% | 16% | 12% |
Share of F and G by period and type of home
| Period | Houses | Flats |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 28% (591) | 10% (6,871) |
| 1948-1974 | 23% (609) | 5.9% (8,933) |
| 1975-1988 | 4.2% (239) | 1.5% (2,045) |
| 1989-2000 | 0% (170) | 0.8% (2,531) |
| 2001-2012 | 0% (223) | < 0.1% (2,367) |
| After 2012 | 0% (389) | 0% (2,077) |
DPEs generated from the building’s DPE
35% of valid DPEs (14,341) — against 23% in the département and 29% in mainland France — were produced from the building's DPE: their rating was not measured for the flat itself. They are shown separately: their ratings are not mixed into the figures above.
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 3.3% | 470 | 4.0% |
| B | 10% | 1,468 | 8.6% |
| C | 50% | 7,148 | 51% |
| D | 30% | 4,242 | 25% |
| E | 5.0% | 710 | 8.6% |
| F | 2.0% | 284 | 1.8% |
| G | 0.1% | 19 | 0.5% |
G, F and E ratings: the decent-housing timetable
411 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Besançon are rated G, i.e. 1.5% of homes with a DPE (4.3% in the département, 4.4% in mainland France). Since 1 January 2025, a G-rated home no longer meets the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
1,209 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Besançon are rated F, i.e. 4.5% of homes with a DPE (7.2% in the département, 7.2% in mainland France). From 1 January 2028, rating F will no longer meet the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
4,447 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Besançon are rated E, i.e. 16% of homes with a DPE (19% in the département, 17% in mainland France). From 1 January 2034, rating E will no longer meet the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
On 1 January 2027, the electricity primary-energy conversion factor drops from 1.9 to 1.7 (order of 19 August 2026). Among the 1,605 F- or G-rated homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Besançon whose DPE is still valid on that date, whose published class is reproduced and whose scale could be read, 20% could obtain a certificate of a new rating, at least one class better, downloadable from ADEME's DPE-Audit Observatory. The original DPE remains valid until it expires.
Heating and hot water
Natural gas comes first: 58% of homes with a DPE in Besançon rely on it for heating, and 34% have shared heating.
By heating energy, the share of F- or G-rated homes in Besançon ranges from 1.8% for homes heated by district heating to 38% for those heated with heating oil; it is 6.4% with electricity.
In the 2022 census, INSEE counts 23% of main residences mainly heated by electricity in Besançon; among homes with a DPE, the share is 33%.
Of the 1,498 homes with a DPE in Besançon heated by a district network, 67% declare their network's identifier. The main ones: “BESANÇON - PLANOISE” (2501C), 65% of connected homes (0.056 kg CO₂/kWh direct, 0.070 life-cycle). CO₂ contents set by the French order of 30 March 2026, applicable since 25 May 2026: an older DPE may have used other values.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Natural gas | 58% | 36% |
| Electricity | 33% | 50% |
| District heating | 5.6% | 4.1% |
| Heating oil | 2.1% | 5.3% |
| Wood | 0.9% | 4.0% |
| LPG, propane or butane | 0.1% | 0.8% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Individual heating | 66% | 84% |
| Shared (collective) heating | 31% | 14% |
| Multi-building collective | 2.3% | 0.9% |
| Hybrid collective-individual | 0.2% | 0.4% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Natural gas | 51% | 34% |
| Electricity | 42% | 59% |
| District heating | 5.5% | 3.0% |
| Heating oil | 1.2% | 3.2% |
| Wood | 0.3% | 0.3% |
| LPG, propane or butane | 0.1% | 0.8% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Gas condensing boiler | 34% | 20% |
| Direct electric heating (convectors, radiators, panels) | 30% | 41% |
| Other gas boiler or heater | 25% | 17% |
| District heating | 6.4% | 4.1% |
| Oil boiler | 2.3% | 6.0% |
| Wood stove, insert or boiler | 0.8% | 4.7% |
| Air-to-water heat pump | 0.6% | 2.3% |
| Air-to-air heat pump | 0.5% | 4.2% |
Share of F and G by heating energy
| Indicator | Besançon | Doubs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 6.4% | 7.1% | 9.1% |
| Natural gas | 5.0% | 6.1% | 9.5% |
| Heating oil | 38% | 45% | 50% |
| Wood | 5.5% | 20% | 17% |
| District heating | 1.8% | 3.0% | 4.6% |
Declared district heating networks and CO₂ content
| Network | Share of connected homes | Direct CO₂ | Life-cycle CO₂ |
|---|---|---|---|
| BESANÇON - PLANOISE (2501C) | 65% | 0.056 | 0.070 |
Solar panels reported: 0.3% of homes with a DPE.
Insulation, ventilation and thermal mass
According to DPEs in Besançon, insulation is rated poor for 54% of walls, 12% of loft roofs, 15% of windows and doors among the homes concerned.
| Indicator | Besançon | Doubs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Building envelope (overall) | 53% | 40% | 46% |
| Windows and doors | 15% | 10% | 17% |
| Walls | 54% | 47% | 53% |
| Ground floor | 19% | 28% | 32% |
| Roof (loft) | 12% | 21% | 19% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Natural ventilation | 37% | 38% |
| Single-flow humidity-controlled ventilation | 30% | 24% |
| Single-flow MVHR (self-regulating) | 28% | 33% |
| Other ventilation | 3.0% | 3.0% |
| Hybrid ventilation | 0.8% | 0.3% |
| Double-flow ventilation (heat recovery) | 0.6% | 0.9% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Very heavy | 14% | 8.3% |
| Heavy | 22% | 24% |
| Medium | 28% | 33% |
| Light | 36% | 34% |
Summer comfort and heat
Over the 1991-2020 normal, Besançon averages 1.5 days a year above 35 °C and 1.5 nights above 20 °C; projections for 2050 point to 6.2 and 9.6.
The DPE includes a "summer comfort" section. In Besançon, 92% of homes with a DPE fill it in; of these, 30% are rated insufficient. This rate depends on who fills in the section, so it is not compared with other cities.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Insufficient | 30% | — |
| Average | 49% | — |
| Good | 20% | — |
Air conditioning reported: 1.7% of homes with a DPE (9.2% in mainland France).
| External solar shading | 65% | of 24,839 DPEs |
|---|---|---|
| Insulated roof | 35% | of 24,718 DPEs |
| Heavy thermal mass | 32% | of 24,265 DPEs |
| Dual-aspect home | 60% | of 24,839 DPEs |
| Ceiling fan | 7.8% | of 24,839 DPEs |
Estimated consumption and cost
The median cost estimated by the DPE in Besançon is €895 a year for a flat (187 kWh of primary energy per m²) and €1,785 for a house (181 kWh/m²). Per unit of floor area, the median cost of a flat is €18 per m² a year (€19 in the département, €19 in mainland France). This cost is conventional: it assumes standard use and the energy prices in force when each DPE was issued, not a household's actual bill.
| Indicator | Besançon | Doubs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary energy, flat (kWh/m²/yr) | 187 | 191 | 191 |
| Primary energy, house (kWh/m²/yr) | 181 | 206 | 193 |
| Annual cost, flat | €895 | €1,025 | €915 |
| Annual cost, house | €1,785 | €1,985 | €1,685 |
| Emissions, flat (kg CO₂/m²/yr) | 22 | 20 | 13 |
| Emissions, house (kg CO₂/m²/yr) | 25 | 19 | 12 |
Works proposed by DPEs
23% of DPEs of F- or G-rated homes in Besançon include a first costed package of works. Its median cost ranges from €4,250 (low estimate) to €7,250 (high estimate). These are the ranges entered by assessors, not quotes.
Prices and green value
Median price in Besançon over 2021-2025 sales: €2,150 per m² for a flat (8,829 sales), €2,693 for a house (1,039 sales) — DVF statistics (Etalab).
In our "DPE discount city by city" study (house sales matched to their DPE), F- or G-rated houses in Besançon sold for 2.8% more per m² than D-rated houses: a raw comparison, in which location and age weigh more than the rating.
Estimated advertised rent in Besançon, charges included, all DPE ratings combined: €12.88 per m² per month for a flat (prediction interval €10.24 to €16.20), €10.99 per m² per month for a house (2025 rent map).
Co-ownerships and collective DPE
The national register of co-ownerships lists 2,167 co-ownerships in Besançon (Q3 2025 file, all construction periods), with 46,674 residential units in total: 9 have more than 200 units used as homes, offices or shops, 209 between 51 and 200, and 1,949 with 50 units or fewer. Of those with a known period, 46% were built before 1949 and 8.5% after 2010.
The collective DPE covers multi-dwelling residential buildings whose building permit application was filed before 1 January 2013, on a timetable set by the number of units (rule and references in the method). ADEME's database holds 951 valid building-level DPEs in Besançon, single-owner buildings included; one building may have several.
176 co-ownerships in Besançon are flagged in the register as having received an Anah grant for owners' associations, and 132 are in a priority urban-policy neighbourhood (QPV).
| Over 200 units | 9 |
|---|---|
| 51-200 units | 209 |
| 50 units or fewer | 1,949 |
The homes with a DPE
INSEE counts 73,050 homes in Besançon (2022 census), including 64,401 main residences; 62% of them are occupied by tenants, and 22% of main residences are social housing let unfurnished; 9.5% of homes are vacant.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Houses | 8.2% | 42% |
| Flats | 92% | 58% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 28% | 32% |
| 1948-1974 | 35% | 25% |
| 1975-1988 | 8.4% | 12% |
| 1989-2000 | 10% | 8.3% |
| 2001-2012 | 9.6% | 10% |
| After 2012 | 9.1% | 13% |
DPEs quarter by quarter
44,275 DPEs of homes have been issued in Besançon since July 2021. The F+G share among each quarter's DPEs went from 12% (2021, Q3) to 6.2% (2026, Q2) — a shift that also reflects which homes get assessed, and changes to the calculation rules.
| Quarter | DPEs issued | F+G share |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 Q3 | 812 | 12% |
| 2021 Q4 | 968 | 10% |
| 2022 Q1 | 1,492 | 30% |
| 2022 Q2 | 1,660 | 7.3% |
| 2022 Q3 | 1,361 | 6.7% |
| 2022 Q4 | 1,670 | 5.5% |
| 2023 Q1 | 3,486 | 4.3% |
| 2023 Q2 | 6,332 | 2.6% |
| 2023 Q3 | 3,843 | 2.9% |
| 2023 Q4 | 3,422 | 2.9% |
| 2024 Q1 | 2,691 | 3.0% |
| 2024 Q2 | 1,890 | 4.0% |
| 2024 Q3 | 1,827 | 5.7% |
| 2024 Q4 | 2,402 | 4.9% |
| 2025 Q1 | 1,961 | 5.6% |
| 2025 Q2 | 1,488 | 7.7% |
| 2025 Q3 | 1,907 | 5.6% |
| 2025 Q4 | 1,456 | 5.0% |
| 2026 Q1 | 1,599 | 5.4% |
| 2026 Q2 | 1,148 | 6.2% |
| 2026 Q3 (in progress) | 860 | 5.2% |
Frequently asked questions — Besançon
How many energy-inefficient homes are there in Besançon?
Why are some DPEs in Besançon generated from the building?
How are homes in Besançon heated?
Is district heating common in Besançon?
What do DPEs in Besançon say about summer comfort?
Go further with your DPE
Comparable cities
Cities chosen for their similar size, climate, building stock or département.
Among its comparable cities (Dijon, Clermont-Ferrand, Grenoble, Limoges, Saint-Étienne and Pau), Besançon has the lowest share of electric heating (33%, against 36% in Saint-Étienne).
| City | F+G share | Built before 1948 | Electric heating | District heating | Median annual cost, flat | Median price per m², flat | Advertised rent, flat (€/m²/month) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Besançon | 6.0% | 28% | 33% | 5.6% | €895 | €2,150 | €12.88 |
| Dijon | 11% | 31% | 41% | 13% | €895 | €2,685 | €13.34 |
| Clermont-Ferrand | 12% | 29% | 41% | 3.6% | €915 | €2,130 | €12.49 |
| Grenoble | 9.0% | 32% | 46% | 18% | €985 | €2,607 | €13.41 |
| Limoges | 8.1% | 33% | 42% | 9.0% | €885 | €1,577 | €10.36 |
| Saint-Étienne | 12% | 43% | 36% | 2.9% | €1,115 | €1,210 | €9.88 |
| Pau | 5.5% | 29% | 48% | 3.6% | €925 | €2,048 | €12.05 |
Sources for this page
DPEs of existing homes published by ADEME (Open Licence 2.0), dump of 25 August 2026. Population: 27,045 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) since 1 July 2021, DPEs valid on 25 August 2026 and not replaced. These are homes with a DPE, not every home in the city.
INSEE codes used: 25056.
Share of DPEs with the same address, floor area and floor as another valid DPE: 24%.
Other sources: DVF statistics (Etalab), the housing ministry rent map, the national co-ownership register (Anah), INSEE census, Météo-France and DRIAS — references and licences in the detailed method below.
Download the data in Besançon (CSV, long format: one row per value) — Derived data published under the Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): free reuse, including commercial, crediting "OneDpe based on ADEME" and the data vintage.