DPE in Caen: find a home and the city's figures
30,436 homes with a DPE in Caen since July 2021, 11% rated F or G. Find a property from its DPE and see what the city's diagnostics say.
ADEME data as of 25 August 2026 — updated quarterly
Find a property from its DPE
Enter the consumption or rating shown in a listing in Caen: the tool searches matching DPEs in the ADEME database.
Key facts
- 0.4% of homes with a DPE in Caen report air conditioning, against 9.2% in mainland France.
- 19% of homes with a DPE in Caen were built before 1948, against 32% in mainland France.
- 26% of homes with a DPE in Caen have shared (collective) heating (15% in mainland France).
- 34% of valid DPEs in Caen were generated from the building's DPE, without a rating measured for the flat itself (29% in mainland France).
Energy and climate ratings
Among 30,436 valid DPEs of homes (excluding generated DPEs) in Caen, rating D is the most common; 34% reach ratings A to C.
If the homes with a DPE in Caen had the same mix of building age and type (house, flat) as mainland France, the F+G share would be 13% (+1.8 pt versus the observed figure).
By floor area, the F+G share among homes with a DPE in Caen ranges from 8.3% (70-99 m²) to 14% (25-39 m²).
For 20% of homes with a DPE in Caen whose published class is reproduced, the climate rating (greenhouse-gas emissions) sets the DPE class: the final rating is the worse of the two (18% in mainland France).
12% of homes with a DPE in Caen whose published class is reproduced would change rating with 5 kWh/m²/year of consumption, or 1 kg CO₂/m²/year of emissions, more or less: they sit on a class boundary (3,680 homes; 12% in mainland France). For them, a small measurement gap or a minor work can move the letter.
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1.2% | 354 | 5.2% |
| B | 3.7% | 1,135 | 5.6% |
| C | 29% | 8,813 | 31% |
| D | 34% | 10,312 | 30% |
| E | 21% | 6,378 | 17% |
| F | 7.6% | 2,309 | 7.2% |
| G | 3.7% | 1,135 | 4.4% |
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 14% | 4,209 | 21% |
| B | 25% | 7,570 | 25% |
| C | 23% | 6,956 | 24% |
| D | 20% | 5,990 | 15% |
| E | 12% | 3,772 | 8.8% |
| F | 5.0% | 1,533 | 4.4% |
| G | 1.3% | 406 | 1.7% |
By type of home
| Indicator | Caen | Calvados | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| All homes | 11% | 14% | 12% |
| Houses | 20% | 16% | 15% |
| Flats | 10% | 10% | 9.3% |
| Comparable structure | 13% | 14% | 12% |
Share of F and G by construction period
| Indicator | Caen | Calvados | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 23% | 30% | 21% |
| 1948-1974 | 16% | 21% | 17% |
| 1975-1988 | 3.4% | 4.9% | 4.6% |
| 1989-2000 | 0.6% | 1.0% | 0.9% |
| 2001-2012 | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.2% |
| After 2012 | 0% | < 0.1% | < 0.1% |
Share of F and G by floor area
| Indicator | Caen | Calvados | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Under 25 m² | 14% | 16% | 16% |
| 25-39 m² | 14% | 15% | 14% |
| 40-69 m² | 10% | 14% | 10% |
| 70-99 m² | 8.3% | 12% | 11% |
| 100 m² and over | 12% | 14% | 12% |
Share of F and G by period and type of home
| Period | Houses | Flats |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 34% (1,245) | 20% (4,571) |
| 1948-1974 | 21% (1,731) | 15% (10,510) |
| 1975-1988 | 3.4% (358) | 3.4% (2,846) |
| 1989-2000 | 2.1% (192) | 0.5% (3,306) |
| 2001-2012 | 0% (217) | 0.1% (1,395) |
| After 2012 | 0% (265) | 0% (3,800) |
DPEs generated from the building’s DPE
34% of valid DPEs (16,018) — against 23% in the département and 29% in mainland France — were produced from the building's DPE: their rating was not measured for the flat itself. They are shown separately: their ratings are not mixed into the figures above.
| Rating | Share | DPEs | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0.6% | 96 | 4.0% |
| B | 3.5% | 565 | 8.6% |
| C | 47% | 7,504 | 51% |
| D | 39% | 6,177 | 25% |
| E | 8.3% | 1,335 | 8.6% |
| F | 1.1% | 182 | 1.8% |
| G | 1.0% | 159 | 0.5% |
G, F and E ratings: the decent-housing timetable
1,135 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Caen are rated G, i.e. 3.7% of homes with a DPE (5.3% in the département, 4.4% in mainland France). Since 1 January 2025, a G-rated home no longer meets the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
2,309 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Caen are rated F, i.e. 7.6% of homes with a DPE (8.3% in the département, 7.2% in mainland France). From 1 January 2028, rating F will no longer meet the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
6,378 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Caen are rated E, i.e. 21% of homes with a DPE (20% in the département, 17% in mainland France). From 1 January 2034, rating E will no longer meet the energy performance level of decent housing (Law 89-462, s. 6).
On 1 January 2027, the electricity primary-energy conversion factor drops from 1.9 to 1.7 (order of 19 August 2026). Among the 3,345 F- or G-rated homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) in Caen whose DPE is still valid on that date, whose published class is reproduced and whose scale could be read, 21% could obtain a certificate of a new rating, at least one class better, downloadable from ADEME's DPE-Audit Observatory. The original DPE remains valid until it expires.
Heating and hot water
Electricity comes first: 47% of homes with a DPE in Caen rely on it for heating, and 26% have shared heating.
By heating energy, the share of F- or G-rated homes in Caen ranges from 3.6% for homes heated by district heating to 56% for those heated with heating oil; it is 9.8% with electricity.
In the 2022 census, INSEE counts 33% of main residences mainly heated by electricity in Caen; among homes with a DPE, the share is 47%.
Of the 1,065 homes with a DPE in Caen heated by a district network, 42% declare their network's identifier. The main ones: “RÉSEAU DE CHALEUR CAEN SUD” (1413C), 24% of connected homes (0.064 kg CO₂/kWh direct, 0.090 life-cycle); “RÉSEAU DE CHALEUR URBAIN NORD CAEN LA MER” (1401C), 16% of connected homes (0.034 kg CO₂/kWh direct, 0.042 life-cycle). CO₂ contents set by the French order of 30 March 2026, applicable since 25 May 2026: an older DPE may have used other values.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 47% | 50% |
| Natural gas | 45% | 36% |
| District heating | 3.5% | 4.1% |
| Heating oil | 3.1% | 5.3% |
| Wood | 0.7% | 4.0% |
| LPG, propane or butane | < 0.1% | 0.8% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Individual heating | 73% | 84% |
| Shared (collective) heating | 24% | 14% |
| Multi-building collective | 2.1% | 0.9% |
| Hybrid collective-individual | 1.0% | 0.4% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 53% | 59% |
| Natural gas | 43% | 34% |
| Heating oil | 2.4% | 3.2% |
| District heating | 1.9% | 3.0% |
| Wood | 0.1% | 0.3% |
| LPG, propane or butane | 0.1% | 0.8% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Direct electric heating (convectors, radiators, panels) | 45% | 41% |
| Gas condensing boiler | 24% | 20% |
| Other gas boiler or heater | 23% | 17% |
| District heating | 3.5% | 4.1% |
| Oil boiler | 3.5% | 6.0% |
| Air-to-water heat pump | 0.8% | 2.3% |
| Wood stove, insert or boiler | 0.6% | 4.7% |
| Air-to-air heat pump | 0.3% | 4.2% |
Share of F and G by heating energy
| Indicator | Caen | Calvados | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity | 9.8% | 12% | 9.1% |
| Natural gas | 10% | 9.3% | 9.5% |
| Heating oil | 56% | 56% | 50% |
| Wood | 9.7% | 13% | 17% |
| District heating | 3.6% | 4.6% | 4.6% |
Declared district heating networks and CO₂ content
| Network | Share of connected homes | Direct CO₂ | Life-cycle CO₂ |
|---|---|---|---|
| RÉSEAU DE CHALEUR CAEN SUD (1413C) | 24% | 0.064 | 0.090 |
| RÉSEAU DE CHALEUR URBAIN NORD CAEN LA MER (1401C) | 16% | 0.034 | 0.042 |
Solar panels reported: 0.1% of homes with a DPE.
Insulation, ventilation and thermal mass
According to DPEs in Caen, insulation is rated poor for 58% of walls, 9.1% of loft roofs, 16% of windows and doors among the homes concerned.
| Indicator | Caen | Calvados | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Building envelope (overall) | 56% | 46% | 46% |
| Windows and doors | 16% | 17% | 17% |
| Walls | 58% | 49% | 53% |
| Ground floor | 20% | 31% | 32% |
| Roof (loft) | 9.1% | 19% | 19% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Natural ventilation | 42% | 38% |
| Single-flow MVHR (self-regulating) | 32% | 33% |
| Single-flow humidity-controlled ventilation | 23% | 24% |
| Other ventilation | 1.8% | 3.0% |
| Double-flow ventilation (heat recovery) | 0.6% | 0.9% |
| Hybrid ventilation | 0.2% | 0.3% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Very heavy | 12% | 8.3% |
| Heavy | 27% | 24% |
| Medium | 25% | 33% |
| Light | 36% | 34% |
Summer comfort and heat
Over the 1991-2020 normal, Caen averages 0.5 days a year above 35 °C and 0.1 nights above 20 °C; projections for 2050 point to 2.2 and 2.7.
The DPE includes a "summer comfort" section. In Caen, 89% of homes with a DPE fill it in; of these, 41% are rated insufficient. This rate depends on who fills in the section, so it is not compared with other cities.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Insufficient | 41% | — |
| Average | 42% | — |
| Good | 18% | — |
Air conditioning reported: 0.4% of homes with a DPE (9.2% in mainland France).
| External solar shading | 53% | of 27,136 DPEs |
|---|---|---|
| Insulated roof | 41% | of 27,119 DPEs |
| Heavy thermal mass | 38% | of 26,553 DPEs |
| Dual-aspect home | 48% | of 27,136 DPEs |
| Ceiling fan | 14% | of 27,136 DPEs |
Estimated consumption and cost
The median cost estimated by the DPE in Caen is €835 a year for a flat (212 kWh of primary energy per m²) and €1,775 for a house (225 kWh/m²). Per unit of floor area, the median cost of a flat is €21 per m² a year (€21 in the département, €19 in mainland France). This cost is conventional: it assumes standard use and the energy prices in force when each DPE was issued, not a household's actual bill.
| Indicator | Caen | Calvados | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary energy, flat (kWh/m²/yr) | 212 | 208 | 191 |
| Primary energy, house (kWh/m²/yr) | 225 | 207 | 193 |
| Annual cost, flat | €835 | €875 | €915 |
| Annual cost, house | €1,775 | €1,685 | €1,685 |
| Emissions, flat (kg CO₂/m²/yr) | 15 | 12 | 13 |
| Emissions, house (kg CO₂/m²/yr) | 36 | 16 | 12 |
Works proposed by DPEs
29% of DPEs of F- or G-rated homes in Caen include a first costed package of works. Its median cost ranges from €5,250 (low estimate) to €7,750 (high estimate). These are the ranges entered by assessors, not quotes.
Prices and green value
Median price in Caen over 2021-2025 sales: €2,812 per m² for a flat (8,763 sales), €3,370 for a house (1,546 sales) — DVF statistics (Etalab).
In our "DPE discount city by city" study (house sales matched to their DPE), F- or G-rated houses in Caen sold for 6.8% more per m² than D-rated houses: a raw comparison, in which location and age weigh more than the rating.
Estimated advertised rent in Caen, charges included, all DPE ratings combined: €13.83 per m² per month for a flat (prediction interval €11.26 to €16.98), €12.68 per m² per month for a house (2025 rent map).
Co-ownerships and collective DPE
The national register of co-ownerships lists 1,899 co-ownerships in Caen (Q3 2025 file, all construction periods), with 46,826 residential units in total: 15 have more than 200 units used as homes, offices or shops, 244 between 51 and 200, and 1,640 with 50 units or fewer. Of those with a known period, 24% were built before 1949 and 8.0% after 2010.
The collective DPE covers multi-dwelling residential buildings whose building permit application was filed before 1 January 2013, on a timetable set by the number of units (rule and references in the method). ADEME's database holds 1,810 valid building-level DPEs in Caen, single-owner buildings included; one building may have several.
128 co-ownerships in Caen are flagged in the register as having received an Anah grant for owners' associations, and 10 are in a priority urban-policy neighbourhood (QPV).
| Over 200 units | 15 |
|---|---|
| 51-200 units | 244 |
| 50 units or fewer | 1,640 |
The homes with a DPE
INSEE counts 70,873 homes in Caen (2022 census), including 62,070 main residences; 68% of them are occupied by tenants, and 21% of main residences are social housing let unfurnished; 8.8% of homes are vacant.
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Houses | 13% | 42% |
| Flats | 87% | 58% |
| Indicator | Share | Mainland France |
|---|---|---|
| Before 1948 | 19% | 32% |
| 1948-1974 | 40% | 25% |
| 1975-1988 | 11% | 12% |
| 1989-2000 | 11% | 8.3% |
| 2001-2012 | 5.3% | 10% |
| After 2012 | 13% | 13% |
DPEs quarter by quarter
52,540 DPEs of homes have been issued in Caen since July 2021. The F+G share among each quarter's DPEs went from 23% (2021, Q3) to 10% (2026, Q2) — a shift that also reflects which homes get assessed, and changes to the calculation rules.
| Quarter | DPEs issued | F+G share |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 Q3 | 1,358 | 23% |
| 2021 Q4 | 1,282 | 19% |
| 2022 Q1 | 1,808 | 13% |
| 2022 Q2 | 2,599 | 11% |
| 2022 Q3 | 1,652 | 14% |
| 2022 Q4 | 2,008 | 13% |
| 2023 Q1 | 2,859 | 15% |
| 2023 Q2 | 3,490 | 7.8% |
| 2023 Q3 | 3,562 | 7.6% |
| 2023 Q4 | 3,545 | 7.3% |
| 2024 Q1 | 2,588 | 9.9% |
| 2024 Q2 | 5,139 | 8.5% |
| 2024 Q3 | 3,279 | 5.6% |
| 2024 Q4 | 3,111 | 5.4% |
| 2025 Q1 | 2,360 | 8.3% |
| 2025 Q2 | 3,515 | 5.9% |
| 2025 Q3 | 2,286 | 7.3% |
| 2025 Q4 | 2,629 | 6.0% |
| 2026 Q1 | 1,348 | 12% |
| 2026 Q2 | 1,360 | 10% |
| 2026 Q3 (in progress) | 762 | 12% |
Frequently asked questions — Caen
How many energy-inefficient homes are there in Caen?
Why are some DPEs in Caen generated from the building?
How are homes in Caen heated?
What do DPEs in Caen say about summer comfort?
Go further with your DPE
Comparable cities
Cities chosen for their similar size, climate, building stock or département.
Among its comparable cities (Le Havre, Rouen, Dunkirk, Boulogne-Billancourt, Créteil, Montreuil and Brest), Caen has neither the highest nor the lowest value on any indicator; however, its share of district-heated homes (3.5%) is below the group median (10%) and its share of homes built before 1948 (19%) is below the group median (35%).
| City | F+G share | Built before 1948 | Electric heating | District heating | Median annual cost, flat | Median price per m², flat | Advertised rent, flat (€/m²/month) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caen | 11% | 19% | 47% | 3.5% | €835 | €2,812 | €13.83 |
| Le Havre | 16% | 35% | 42% | 8.5% | €1,035 | €2,308 | €12.36 |
| Rouen | 14% | 44% | 56% | 4.3% | €875 | €2,818 | €13.28 |
| Dunkirk | 9.5% | 22% | 29% | 11% | €1,075 | €2,071 | €13.50 |
| Boulogne-Billancourt | 19% | 35% | 38% | 10% | €985 | €8,837 | €29.73 |
| Créteil | 12% | 11% | 21% | 43% | €985 | €3,859 | €21.03 |
| Montreuil | 21% | 40% | 45% | 2.6% | €975 | €6,383 | €22.86 |
| Brest | 5.6% | 16% | 44% | 10% | €985 | €2,039 | €12.18 |
Sources for this page
DPEs of existing homes published by ADEME (Open Licence 2.0), dump of 25 August 2026. Population: 30,436 homes with a DPE (excluding generated DPEs) since 1 July 2021, DPEs valid on 25 August 2026 and not replaced. These are homes with a DPE, not every home in the city.
INSEE codes used: 14118.
Share of DPEs with the same address, floor area and floor as another valid DPE: 26%.
Other sources: DVF statistics (Etalab), the housing ministry rent map, the national co-ownership register (Anah), INSEE census, Météo-France and DRIAS — references and licences in the detailed method below.
Download the data in Caen (CSV, long format: one row per value) — Derived data published under the Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): free reuse, including commercial, crediting "OneDpe based on ADEME" and the data vintage.